小鼠血管损伤后再狭窄模型的造模方法比较研究

Comparison of Production and Characteristics of Three Mouse Vascular Restenosis Models

目的应用显微外科手术,建立3种小鼠血管损伤后再狭窄模型,分别比较造模方法和血管内膜病变形成的特征。方法16～24周的C57BL/6小鼠,分别应用塑料微导管损伤、金属丝损伤及金属直弹簧丝损伤3种方法,对小鼠的股动脉、颈动脉进行造模,研究3种方法的关键技术要点,并分别于造模后1、2、4周后观察受损动脉内膜病变形成特点。结果3种小鼠血管损伤后再狭窄模型的造模方法中,以微导管股动脉损伤模型最易操作,金属直弹簧丝股动脉损伤模型次之,金属丝颈动脉损伤模型难度较大。C57BL/6小鼠股动脉塑料微导管损伤后内膜增生病变不明显,但apoE缺损小鼠却见非常显著的内膜肥厚病变。金属直弹簧丝股动脉损伤模型稳定性较高,而金属丝颈动脉损伤模型内膜病变的个体差异较大。结论目前最常用的3种小鼠血管损伤后再狭窄模型在关键技术及病变形成上具有一定的共性,但病变形成的病理过程和模型的稳定性不尽一致。

Objective In order to compare the methods of surgical operation and characteristics of intimal lesions formation, we established three kinds of commonly used mouse models of arterial injury by using microsurgery techniques. Methods C57BL/6 mice （16 -24 weeks of age） were used for this study. By utilizing a non-restrict polyethylene cuff and a straight spring wire to produce femoral artery injury and a curved flexible wire to produce carotid artery injury, three types of mouse vascular restenosis models were produced according to previous reports. The key technical points of surgery for production of those three types of mouse models were analyzed and the characteristic lesions formation at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after vascular injury were examined. Results Among the three types of surgical operations, the cuff injury technique is easier than straight spring wire injury method, and the curved flexible wire injury method is the most difficult. In C57BL/6 mice, we did not find obvious intimal lesion formation after femoral injury by cuff placement, but we successfully produced intimal thickening in apoE-/- mice fed with high-fat diet. Cuff and straight spring wire injury models revealed stable intimal lesion formation comparatively, whereas curved flexible wire model presented a considerable variation among individuals. ConcIusion The most commonly used three types of mouse vascular injury models have some common characteristics in their pivotal techniques and lesion formation. However, the pathological process of lesion formation and the stability of each model show some differences.