美国沙尘暴问题及治理经验

A Probe into Sand/Duststorm Problem and the Controlling Experiences in the United States

沙尘暴问题及作为其主要生态驱动力的荒漠化问题是20世纪上半叶美国面临的严重的生态问题。近一个世纪以来，美国政府和民众在防治沙尘暴和治理荒漠化方面采取了综合治理措施，取得了有益的经验。其中，完善的立法和执法体系、农牧业结构调整、土地利用管理政策、荒漠化地区资源利用政策、民众参与机制以及沙尘源控制措施等都是值得我国借鉴。

Sand/dust storm, as well as its ecological driving force,desertification, was a severe ecological problem challenging the Unite States in the early 20th Century. In the past nearly one hundred years, the U.S. federal and state governments and the U.S. people have carried out a series of integrated measures to control the problem, with many good practices accumulated. Among the positive approaches, the effective legislation and law enforcement system, the policies of readjusting the agriculture and animal husbandry in- dustries, the land use and management policies, the natural resources utilization policies, public participatory mechanism, as well as the sand/dust source control measures, are good practices worth learning by the Chinese government.