从范式到研究纲领:国际关系理论的结构问题

From Paradigms to Research Programs: The Structure of IR Theory

科学哲学上的"范式"结构观在国际关系研究中具有很大的影响。然而,这种知识发展观并不符合国际关系理论发展的图式,对理论变迁动力的解释也不能令人满意。本文引入了另一种科学发展模型,即拉卡托斯的科学研究纲领方法论,从研究纲领的角度对国际关系理论的结构进行了重构,并且指出,国际关系学科中存在多种相互竞争和并存的研究纲领,拉卡托斯的知识发展模型可以被运用到对这些纲领的评估中来,这将对学科进步和理论发展具有重要的启示意义。

'Paradigms' of structure in philosophy of science is quite influential in international relations study. However, it is not in accordance with the development of international relations theory, and its explaination on the dynamics of theoretical evolution is not satisfying. This paper introduces another important model of science development, Lakatosian's 'Methodology of Scientific Research Program' (MSRP), and reorganizes the structure of IR theory by the MSRP. It suggests that, there are quite a few competing and coexisting research programs in international relations studies, and we could use Lakatosian's model to evaluate these programs since MSRP has great implications to the progress of the discipline and the development of theories in this field.