英国法院与议会特权关系的历史演变

Evolution of Relation between the Courts and Parliamentary Privilege in the UK

议会特权作为英国议会法律和习惯的一部分,在其宪法和政治体制中占有相当重要的地位。尽管议会声称拥有确定议会特权范围和裁决与议会特权有关的事务的权力,但是议会与法院之间在特权的存在与议会议事行为的排他性管辖方面一直存在着大量的争议。法院对议会特权事务的避让与审查共存于英国普通法的发展过程中。随着英国普通法的发展,法院在某些方面加大了对议会特权的审查。

As a part of acts and customs of British parliament, parliamentary privilege has important position in British constitutional and political system. Parliament has alleged that it has the right to determine the scope of parliamentary privilege and the matters concerning parliamentary privilege. Yet, there are lots of controversies on the existence of privilege and exclusive jurisdiction of proceedings between the courts and Parliament. The courts' avoidance and review against the matters concerning parliamentary privilege coexist in the development of the common law in Britain. Along with the development of the common law, the courts have more right to review parliamentary privilege in some aspects.