敞开式全断面隧道掘进机通过不良地质地段的措施和施工方法

The Measures and Construction Methods about the Open Full-face Tunnel Boring Machine Going through the Bad Geology Area

研究目的:铁道部1997年引进的两台TB880E型TBM由德国Wirth公司生产,该机型的结构及技术性能参数以西安安康铁路秦岭特长隧道为设计对象,主要适用于硬岩隧道的掘进施工,属敞开式硬岩TBM。TBM如何通过软弱围岩是一个世界性的难题。研究方法:结合西安南京铁路桃花铺1号隧道的工程实践,研究预防TBM施工事故的措施和施工方法。研究结论:提出了“超前探测,支护紧跟,调整参数,适速推进,减少扰动”20字方针。对于施工过程中出现的各种坍方如何处理进行了说明,总的处理措施是“及时喷锚,加密钢架,搭焊钢管,网板结合,封闭坍腔,回填密实”。TBM顺利、安全通过不良地质地段的措施和方法在桃花铺1号隧道的掘进后期得到很好的验证。

Research purposes： Two sets of TB880E TBM manufactured by German Wirth Corporation were introduced in 1997 by the Railway Ministry. These machines＇ structures and technical data were designed according to Qinling Super Long Tunnel of Xi＇ an - Ankang Railway, which were applicable to excavating construction of hard rock tunnel, that was, Open Hard Rock Tunnel Boring Machine （TBM）. It is still a difficult problem suffering the world to excavate through the soft surrounding rock. Research methods： This paper researched the preventive measures and construction methods on TBM construction accidents in terms of Taohuapu No. 1 tunnel construction practice of Xi＇ an - Nanjing Railway. Research conclusions： This paper proposed a 20 - Chinese - word principle, ＂Advance prediction, lining construction, data adjustment, proper promotion, and disturbance reduction＂. How to deal with landslide was also described in the paper, in conclusion, ＂Anchor spraying in time, steel - rack sealing, steel pipe lap - welding, otter board combining, slump blocking, and dense refilling＂. TBM excavating through the section of unfavorable geological condition smoothly and safely was validated in Taohuapu No. 1 tunnel construction .