廊坊市六类职业人群慢性病现况调查分析

Prevalence study on chronic diseases of six kinds of occupational population in Langfang City

目的调查廊坊市职业人群健康状况与主要疾病在不同职业、不同性别、不同年龄人群中的分布,为开展健康教育提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取廊坊市机关公务员、教师、医务人员、科技人员、企业职工和商业服务人员共6类职业人群220个单位26880人的健康体检报告,按职业、性别、年龄进行了健康状况的调查分析。结果6类职业人群体检合格7900人,占29.4%,患1种疾病6945人,占25.8%,患2种疾病4915人,占18.3%,患3种疾病2793人,占10.4%,患4种及以上疾病1619人,占6.0%;6类职业人群中脂肪肝6067人(22.6%)、高血脂4860人(18.1%)、高血压3698人(13.8%),均为现患疾病的前三位;在男性与女性比较中,疾病检出率男性均高于女性,差异具有显著性(P<0.001);在6类职业人群疾病的年龄分布上,脂肪肝、高血脂以50岁年龄组检出率最高,高血压、高血糖的检出率以60岁组最高。结论脂肪肝、高血脂症等疾病与行为、生活方式有着密切联系,是危害廊坊市职业人群健康的主要疾病,要通过大力开展健康教育和健康促进活动,增强职工健康意识和预防疾病的能力。

Objective To survey the health situation of occupational population in Langfang City, and study the distribution of main diseases in population by different gender, age and occupation, and offer reference to health education. Methods Sampled health examination reports of 26880 individuals from 220 units, the occupation included officials, teachers, medical workers, technological staff, employee in enterprise, and commercial service staff, then analyzed the health situation by occupation, gender and age. Results Among six kinds of occupational population, there were 7900 health ones, which was 29.4% of the total; individuals with one disease were 6945, which was 25.8% of the total; individuals with two kinds of diseases were 4915, which was 18.3% ; individuals with three kinds of diseases were 2793, which was 10.4% ; individuals with four kinds of diseases and above were 1619, which was 6.0%. Among health reports of six kinds of occupational populace, the top three prevalence of diseases were fatty liver （6067 cases, 22.6 % ）, hyperlipidaemia （4860 cases, 18.1% ）, hypertension （3698 cases, 13.8% ）. The incidence rate of diseases of male was higher than that of female （ P 〈0 0.001 ） . The incidence of fatty liver and hyperlipidaemia was mainly populace aged above 50, and the incidence of hypertension and hyperglycemia was mainly population aged above 60. Conclusion Fatty liver and hyperlipidaemia were main diseases damaged the occupational people health of Langfang City, while both of them had tight relationship with living habit. Therefore, health education and health promotion should be developed and enhanced the health consciousness and ability of diseases prevention of occupational population.