中国东 中 西部地区乙型病毒性肝炎流行现状

Seroepidemiological Study on Viral Hepatitis B of the Eastern,Middle,and Western Areas in China

目的了解中国东、中、西部地区乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)流行现状。方法利用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查保留的血清开展乙肝病毒感染血清学检测。结果①中国东、中、西部地区全人群乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)标化阳性率分别9.20%、7.24%、8.24%。东部地区城市、农村全人群HBsAg阳性率分别为4.29%、11.79%;中部地区城市、农村全人群HBsAg阳性率分别为4.41%、7.84%;西部地区城市、农村全人群HBsAg阳性率分别为4.53%、9.05%。②东、中、西部地区<15岁儿童HBsAg阳性率分别为6.46%、4.47%、5.48%。东部地区城市、农村<15岁儿童HBsAg阳性率分别为2.29%、12.39%;中部地区城市、农村<15岁儿童HBsAg阳性率分别为1.61%、6.82%;西部地区城市、农村<15岁儿童HBsAg阳性率分别为2.57%、7.35%。结论中国东、中、西部地区全人群HBsAg阳性率均有不同程度下降,<15岁儿童下降最明显。表明中国自1992年将乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫管理效果显著。

Objective To know the status of Hepatitis B of the Eastern,Middle, and Western areas in China. Methods We analyzed the data of the seroepidemiological study using the remaining blood samples of the nationwide survey of Nutrition and Health in Chinese residents, which was done in 2002. Results （1）Among population in the Eastern areas,the adjusted prevalence rate of HBsAg is 9.20% ,the rate of HBsAg is 4.29% in the urban areas and 11.79% in the rural areas. For〈 15- years-old children,the rate is 6.46% in the whole children,2.29% in the urban areas and 12.39% in the rural areas respectively. （2）Among population in the Middle areas, the adjusted prevalence rate of HBsAg is 7.24% ,the rate of HBsAg is 4.41 % in the urban areas and 7.84% in the rural areas. For〈 15-years-old children,the rate is 4.47% in the whole children, 1.61 % in the urban areas and 6.82% in the rural areas respectively. （3）Among the whole population in the Western areas, the adjusted prevalence rate of HBsAg is 8.24 % , the rate of HBsAg is 4.53 % in the urban areas and 9.05 % in the rural areas. For〈 15-years-old children,the rate is 5.48% in the whole children, 2.57% in the urban areas and 7.35% in the rural areas respectively. Conclusions The results show that the prevalence rate of the HBsAg of the Eastern,Middle, and Western areas in China has obviously been descending in different levels, especially to the children less than 15 years old, and suggest that the impacts of Hepatitis B are prominent in these areas since the Hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced into expand- ed program on immunization （EPI） since 1992.