不同水稻品种对二化螟的抗性及其与形态学和解剖学特征的关系

Resistance of different rice varieties to the striped stem borer,Chilo suppressalis,and its relationship with the morphological and anatomic characteristics of rice

在实验室条件下研究了6个不同类型的水稻品种对二化螟的抗性及其与形态学和解剖学特征的关系。结果表明,二化螟幼虫在粳稻品种辽粳294和秀水11上的存活率最低,显著地低于在超级杂交籼稻两优培九和杂交籼稻汕优63上的存活率,但超级杂交籼稻协优9308和杂交籼稻汕优10上的存活率无显著差异。60日龄时汕优63的分蘖数最多,汕优10次之,辽粳294最少。杂交水稻品种的株高显著高于普通粳稻品种,而辽粳294和汕优63的叶鞘显著短于其它品种。除协优9308与两个粳稻品种无显著差异外,其它三个杂交稻品种的叶宽和叶角均大于粳稻品种。60日龄时杂交籼稻品种两优培九叶鞘的维管束间距最宽,辽粳294的维管束间距最窄,但其维管束直径最大。辽粳294和秀水11叶鞘硅细胞的密度显著高于其它几个籼稻品种。被二化螟幼虫危害后,除汕优10叶鞘的维管束间距略有下降(-0.28%)外,其它几个品种的叶鞘维管束间距均增大,其中辽粳294增幅最大,为33.33%。而维管束直径和硅细胞密度均有不同程度的下降,其中硅细胞数下降最为明显。

Abstract ： The resistances of six rice varieties, two super-hybrid indica Liangyoupeijiu and Xieyou 9308, two hybrid indica Shanyou 63 and Shanyou 10, and tow Japonica Liaojing 294 and Xiushui 11, to the striped stem borer （ SSB）, Chilo suppressalis, was monitored in laboratory, and the relationship among resistance and morphological and anatomic characteristics of rice plants were evaluated. Among the six rice varieties tested, the survival rate of newly hatched larvae of SSB on Liaojing 294 and Xiushui 11 were significantly lower than that on Liangyoupeijiu and Shanyou 63, while the survival rate was lower than that on other two hybrid indica cuhivars, Xieyou 9308 and Shanyou 10. The number of tillers in Shanyou 63 was highest and the lowest was founded in Liaojing 294. The plant height of hybrid indica varieties was obviously higher than that of Japonica varieties. The same trends were observed in leaf width and leaf angle of rice plant with exception of Xieyou 9308. The space between vascular btmdles in leaf sheath of Liangyoupeijiu was the broadest and that in Liaojing 294 was the narrowest. The number of silica cells in leaf sheath of Liaojing 294 and Xiushui 11 were higher than that in four hybrid indica cultivars tested. The spaces between vascular bundles in leaf sheath of the tillers that the main stem was infested by the SSB larvae and caused deadheart, were broader than those in healthy plants with exception of Shanyou 10, and the highest change percent of spaces between vascular bundles was found in Liaojing 294. However, the diameter of vascular bundles and number of silica cells in the sheath decreased. It implies that the infestation of SSB may influence the resistance of rice varieties to SSB.