小学生心理素质对学业成绩影响的研究

A Research on the Effect of Pupils' Mental Quality on Their Academic Achievement

运用《瑞文标准推理测验》和自编《小学生心理素质问卷》对1247名小学生作心理素质团体测试。路径分析结果表明:(1)整体上看,小学生心理素质对学业成绩的影响是:认知、个性对学业成绩起直接作用;适应性通过认知、个性对学业成绩有间接作用。(2)从学业成绩分组来看,对高分组的小学生而言,个性对学业成绩有直接影响,认知和适应性对学业成绩有间接影响;对中等组的小学生而言,认知、个性、适应性都对学业成绩有直接影响;对低分组的小学生而言,认知对学业成绩有直接影响,个性、适应性对学业成绩有间接影响。

This study tested the mental quality of 1247 pupils by applying Raven＇ s Standard Matrices and Pupils＇ Mental Quality Questionnaire developed by the authors. The findings of path analysis suggest that ： （ 1 ） In general, pupils＇ cognition and personality directly influence their academic achievement, while their adaptability indirectly influences their academic achievement by means of cognition and personality. （2） From the perspective of academic achievement, as for the group of high score, their personalities directly influence their academic achievement while cognition and adaptability indirectly influence their academic achievement; as for the group of average score, cognition, personality and adaptability all directly influence their academic achievement; and for the group of low score, cognition directly influences their academic achievement while personality and adaptability indirectly influence their academic achievement.