对吉布斯佯谬的热力学解释

Exact Explanation of Gibbs Paradox

本文利用单原子分子理想气体的经典配分函数和量子配分函数,导出熵的两个不同的公式,并对Gibbs佯谬的两种错误解释进行了深入分析,指出了错误的原因,根据量子统计力学中的同种气体的分子具有全同性,密度发生突变,对Gibbs佯谬做出了正确的热力学解释。

With the help of the classical partition function and the quantum partition function of the perfect gas made from an individual atom molecule, two different entropy formulas are drawn. Two wrong explanations of Gibbs paradox are analyzed and the reasons of these wrong explanations are pointed out. According to quantum statistic mechanics, we know that the molecules of the same kind of gas are isotaetie and the density of mixed perfect gas changes suddenly. Then a kind of explanation about Gibbs paradox is given in this paper.