小花蝽对牛角花齿蓟马的捕食作用

Predation of Orius minutus on Odontothrips loti

在室内研究了小花蝽（Orius minutus）成虫对牛角花齿蓟马（Odontothrips loti）3～4龄若虫的捕食作用和种内干扰作用．结果表明，小花蝽对牛角花齿蓟马的捕食功能反应均符合Holling Ⅱ型方程，在玻璃试管中，捕食量（Nα）符合Nα=1．0113N／（1＋0．04149N），在培养皿中为Nα=0．6777N／（1＋0．03395N），在笼罩花盆中为Nα=0．6417N／（1＋0．03934N），小花蝽的捕食作用有较强的种内干扰反应，捕食率与个体相互干扰的关系符合Hassell模型．在相同空间条件下，小花蝽的捕食量与猎物密度呈正相关，寻找效应与猎物密度呈负相关；随着空间增大，小花蝽对牛角花齿蓟马若虫的瞬间攻击率（α）’和最大捕食量（Nα）均下降，处置时间（Th）则延长，但其功能反应类型不变，仍为Holling Ⅱ型。

In this paper, a laboratory study was made on the predation of Orius minutus on the 3rd ～ 4th instar nymphs of Odontothrips loti, and the intraspecific interference within O. minutus. The results showed that the functional responses of adult O. minutes to O. loti nymphs fitted Holling Ⅱ type equation, i. e. , Nα = 1.0113N/（ 1 ＋0. 04149N） in test tubes, Nα = 0. 6777N/（ 1 ＋ 0. 03395N） in Petri dishes, and Na = 0. 6417N/（ 1 ＋ 0. 03934N） in enveloped pots. The predation of O. minutus had strong intraspecific interference, and the relationship between predation efficiency and individual interference fitted Hassell model. Under the same spatial conditions, the predation rate of O. minutus was positively related, while its searching efficiency was negatively associated with the prey density. With the increase of the space, the attack rate （α′） and maximum predation （Nα） of O. minutus decreased, its handling time （ Th ） increased, while the type of its functional responses to the densities of 3 rd ～ 4 th instar 0. loti, still fitted Holling Ⅱ model.