基于RS和GIS的长沙市生态功能分区

Ecological functional regionalization of Changsha City based on RS and GIS

提出了基于城市、城郊生态过渡区及其周围自然生态支持系统为统一体的城市生态功能分区思想,并建立了长沙市生态-社会-经济信息系统数据库.通过参数选取与权重确定,进行生态适宜度、生态环境敏感性、生态服务功能重要性与经济社会发展水平分区.依据生态功能的空间异质性和生态功能单元内部均质性,将长沙市划分为5类城市生态功能区:Ⅰ类区占总面积的29.47%;Ⅱ类区占总面积的32.5%;Ⅲ类区占总面积的25.95%;Ⅳ类区占总面积的9.63%;Ⅴ类区占总面积的2.45%.分区结果对长沙市发展有指导意义.该研究方法优点有:制图过程定量化、自动化;可在短期内产生最新专题图产品;结合GPS和RS,可以通过监测区域边界类型的变化,进行生态环境监控,为RS数据实时进入G IS系统提供了途径.

A delineation method based on the idea of regarding urban-suburban-supperting area as a system was presented in this paper, with an ecological-social-economic database created. A total of five ecological suitability regions, four ecological sensitivity regions, four ecological service regions, and five economic development regions were plotted out, and the Changsha City ecosystem was divided into five ecological functional regions, according to the heterogeneity among ecological functional units and the similarity of interior units. The areas of the five functional regions accounted for 29.47%, 32. 5%, 25.95%, 9. 63% and 2. 45% of the total area, respectively. This research method had some advantages over traditional methods. It was flexible and efficient, because it could accept any combination of parameters organized on a polygonal base map. The variables could be added, deleted, or updated to produce new thematic map products in a short period of time. Mapping procedures were quantitative and automated. With the incorporation of remote sensing data and global position system rapid positioning, the ecological and environmental changes could be detected by monitoring the changes of regional boundary patterns. Therefore, the ecological functional regionalization of Changsha City provided a fine way of integrating remote sensing data, global position system, and geographic information system.