基于阶次包络谱的轴承故障诊断研究

DIAGNOSIS OF BEARING FAULT BASED ON ORDER ENVELOPE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS

研究旋转机械在变速过程中振动信号的分析方法。在利用B&K3560多分析仪对齿轮箱加速时测得的振动信号进行时域采样的基础上,利用样条插值算法进行角域重采样得到等角度分布的采样点,并对其进行阶次跟踪分析,在此基础上利用Hilbert包络解调得到轴承故障信息的阶次包络谱。结果显示阶次包络谱分析法在处理轴承转速变化信号的优越性:能够有效地避免传统频谱方法所无法解决的“频率模糊”现象,对轴承的早期故障有一定的识别能力。该方法是对传统的频谱分析法的有力补充,具有很广阔的应用前景。

An analysis method for vibration signals in varying speed process of the rotating machinery is explored. The vibration signals while starting up the gearbox are sampled in time-domain using B&K3560 multi-analyzer and then resampled in angle-domain using spline interpolation, so the equal angle distributed data are obtained and analyzed using order tracking analysis in the order domain, and then the order envelope spectrum of the bearing fault information is achieved with the Hilbert envelope demodulation. The outcome shows that there is more superiority in dealing with instantaneous signal with the order envelope spectrum than with the traditional frequency spectrum. It can overcome effectively the “frequency smear” phenomenon, which cannot be solved with the traditional frequency spectrum method. The method has ability to identify the incipient fault in bearing and the result proves that the order envelope spectrum analysis is a trenchant supplement to traditional spectrum analysis and has more broad application prospect.