湖南省桃源县县域景观格局变化及驱动力典型相关分析

Landscape pattern changes and driving force at county level in Hunan Province

利用亚热带桃源县19801、995、2000年3个时期的TM影像及景观生态学的原理和定量分析方法,分析该区域的景观格局特征和变化。结果表明:县域整体景观水平以林地和水田为景观基质,其他景观类型作为斑块镶嵌其中。斑块的平均面积和斑块平均边缘在逐年下降,平均每年分别下降497.90 hm2和646.95 m,说明景观的破碎程度在逐年加强。研究区域的景观均匀度表现出先减少后增加的趋势,而优势度表现出先增加后减少的趋势,表明景观格局有向小景观要素转化的趋势。同时应用典型相关分析,对研究区景观格局变化的主要驱动力进行统计分析,诊断出主要驱动因子为劳动力总数、劳动力密度、农村社会总产值等,不同的典型变量对应着不同的驱动因子。

Based on the interpretation of TM imageries in 1980、1995、2000, the theory of landscape-ecology and the method of quantitative analysis, the characteristics and changes of landscape pattern in Taoyuan county were analyzed. The results showed that the matrix landscape in this area was woodlands and paddy field, which were embedded by other landscape patches. The average area and perimeter of patches decreased annually by 497.90 hm^2 and 646.95 m respectively, which indicated that landscape fragmentation enhanced gradually. Landscape evenness decreased first and then increased, however, the dominance had the reverse trend. These results showed that landscape pattern will become smaller and smaller. In the study, canonical correlation analysis was applied to identify the driving forces of landscape pattern change and the different driving factors were labour forces, labour density, and rural social gross output value. The different canonical variants had different driving factors.