留学生与中国近代建筑形式的发展

The Returned Students and the Architecture Development of Modern China

中国近代建筑学留学生在中国近代建筑史上占据着不可或缺的地位。留学生回国初期的建筑设计形式以西方复古建筑居多,他们的设计行为推动了中国近代建筑仿洋风潮的传播和延续。随后,他们渐渐摒弃了单纯“仿洋”的建筑设计手法,而更加关注中国传统建筑形式,成为中国传统建筑近代复兴的最主要力量。在西方现代主义建筑设计兴起的潮流中,他们又以各自的理解,通过建筑实践和理论研究,积极倡导现代主义建筑思潮,推动了现代主义建筑在近代中国的传播和普及。中国近代留学生建筑师群体的建筑设计行为以及教育活动,直接影响了中国近代建筑形式潮流的更替。

The returned students of Chinese architectonics in modern times have played a significant role in Chinese architectural history of the modern age. In the forepart of their returning, the most of architectural forms designed by them are the western clas- sic style. Their design behavior has promoted the development of the current of imitating west architecture in Chinese modern times. Later, they give up the simple imitation method of imitation in design, and pay more attention to the Chinese traditional architecture. They become the most momentous factor in the revival of Chinese traditional architecture. During the current of the western architectural popularity, they have not only actively sparkpluged the thoughts of the modern architecture through their action and theoretic study, but impelled the spread and popularity of modern architecture. The activities of Chinese returned students have directly affected the transformation of Chinese architectural current.