轿车车身结构噪声性能分析与优化研究

Auto-Body Structure Noise Performance Analysis and Optimization Research

随着汽车工业的发展和人们对汽车舒适性的要求越来越高,在轿车车身设计中,运用有限元法来进行结构优化以严格控制噪声性能是一种非常有效的方法。以某型SUV车为例,建立车身及乘坐室声腔的有限元模型,并与刚度实验对比验证模型的正确性,通过频率响应分析得到车内噪声等级以及噪声的频率分布特性。以车内噪声最小化为优化目标函数,车身质量为约束条件,通过车身壁板贡献度分析确定优化设计变量,进行车身关键零件的优化改进,使白车身内两个峰值噪声分别降低了5.1dB和3.6dB,为今后开展轿车车身噪声研究提供可借鉴的方法。

Finite element analysis method is very effective to structure optimization for noise control in auto-body design process with the vehicle industry development and increasing request to the driving comfort. This paper creates auto-body and acoustic finite element model, which is verified by rigidity test. Frequency response analysis is then performed to get the interior noise level and frequency distributing characteristics. The optimization function is confirmed, with minimum noise as goal, auto-body weight as restriction and key panels as design variables by panel participation analysis, by which auto-body interior noise peak is reduced by 5. 1dB and 3.6dB.