章门弟子与中国近代史学转型

The Disciples of Zhang Taiyan and the Transformation of Modern History Studies

在章太炎的熏陶下,沈兼士、朱希祖、钱玄同等章门弟子以北大史学系与国学门为依托,从学科体制方面积极致力于中国史学的近代转型。他们一方面秉持章太炎具有近代意义的“六经皆史说”,主张“捐除经学之名”,缘此大大动摇了经学的垄断地位,促进了史学的独立;另一方面,他们还充分弘扬了章太炎“以新理言旧学”和“熔冶哲理”的学术精神,号召借鉴西方近代科学的理论与方法来研究史学,并强调史学研究必须注重条理系统,由是极大地推动了中国史学的科学化进程。

Under Zhang Taiyan＇s influence, Shen Jianshi, Zhu Xizu, and Qian Xuantong gathered together around the History Department of Peking University and the School of Sinological Research, trying their best to transform the history studies in China. On the one hand, they firmly believed in Zhang＇s “All Classics are Histories”, called on “forsaking the so-called classics”, thus shaking the hegemony of traditional classics studies and promoting the independence of history studies; on the other hand, they brought Zhang＇s “studying traditions with new theories” and “bringing in philosophical elements” into full play, focusing on the systematic presentation in history studies. They joined their efforts and greatly advanced the scientific progress of history studies in China.