大麦DH群体若干数量性状的遗传分析

Genetic analysis of quantitative traits of a doubled haploid population in barley

以大麦品种Y erong与F rank lin进行杂交,对其F1代通过花药培养构建DH群体,利用该群体估测株高(PH)、穗长(SL)、穗下节间长(TF IL)、单株穗数(SPP)、主穗粒数(GPS)、单株秆重(SW PP)、单株粒重(GW PP)、单株粒数(GPP)和千粒重(W TG)9个数量性状的遗传力和基因数目,并通过估算各性状的偏度和峰度系数分析影响各性状的基因间的作用方式。结果表明:①上述各性状的遗传力分别为0.79、0.67、0.54、0.31、0.90、0.30、0.20、0.41和0.77;控制各性状的基因数目分别为8.76、9.30、5.30、24.67、3.63、14.59、14.90、12.36和6.81对。遗传力(Y)依基因对数(X)线性回归方程为Y=-0.029 6X+0.878 5(r=-0.780 0*),回归系数-0.029 6与0的差异显著(t=-3.30*,d f=7),表明多基因性状易受环境影响,同时也佐证了多基因遗传学说。②控制SL、TF IL、GW PP和W TG的多基因间存在互补作用,控制PH、SW PP和SPP各性状的多基因间存在重叠作用,而控制GPS和GPP的多基因间无互作效应。

The heritability and the number of segregating genes of 9 quantitative traits were investigated based on a doubled haploid （DH） population derived from FI anther culture of a cross between ＂Yerong＂ and ＂Franklin＂. Meanwhile the types of gene interaction were analyzed by estimation for coefficients of skewness （g1） and kortosis （g2） of the traits. The results were summarized as follows： ① The 9 traits, i. e, plant height （PH）, spike length （SL）, the top 1st internode length （TFIL）, spikes per plant （SPP）, grains per spike （GPS）, grain weight per plant （GWPP）, straw weight per plant （SWPP）, grains per plant （GPP）, weight of 1000 grains （WTG）, had the heritability of 0. 79, 0. 67, 0. 54, 0. 31, 0. 90, 0.30, 0. 25, 0. 41 and 0.77, respectively. The number of segregating genes of these characteristics were 8.76, 9.3, 5.3, 24. 67, 3.63, 14.59, 14.91, 12.36 and 6.81. The regression equation of the heritability on the number of segregating genes was Y=- 0.029 6X＋0. 878 5 （r=- 0. 780 0^＊）, with a significant difference between regression coefficient -0.029 6 and 0 （t=- 3.30^＊ , dr= 7）. This indicated that the more the number of segregating genes, the lower the heritability for the quantitative traits controlled by polygenes. ② The complementary interactions were detected for SL, WTG, TFIL and GWPP and the duplicate interaction was observed for PH, SWPP, SPP, while no gene interaction was found for GPS and GPP.