塘四平头种质的遗传改良与利用

Genetic Improvement and Utilization of Tang Si Ping Tou Maize Germplasm

自20世纪70年代以来,优质、抗逆、高配合力和适应性广的新种质匮乏,已成为影响玉米商业育种进一步发展的“瓶颈”。生产用种质的遗传脆弱性受到普遍关注,种质扩增、改良与创新成为作物育种研究最重要的发展方向。塘四平头种质对中国玉米育种和生产贡献巨大,因此,玉米育种工作者系统了解、掌握和应用其遗传改良和利用的目标、原则与依据、材料与方法以及途径非常必要,对新世纪继续沿用原有典型的杂种优势利用模式和创建新的杂种优势利用模式奠定基础,具有十分重要的现实意义和深远的历史意义。

Since the 1970s, lack of the new germplasm with high quality, resistance to manifold stresses, high combining ability and adaptability to extensive areas, has become the ＂bottleneck＂ which influenced maize commercial breeding further development. Inheritance frangibility of the germplasm applied in production attracted more attention. The amplification, improvement and innovation of germplasm became the most important work in maize breeding research. Tang Si Ping Tou maize germplasm played an important role in Chinese maize breeding and production. Hence, it was extraordinary necessary for maize breeder to understand, master and utilize Tang Si Ping Tou maize germplasm. These were the foundation to continue to use exist representative heterosis pattern and establish new heterosis pattern in the new century, which will have important meaning to reality and history.