粤西湛江港海底沉积物重金属的分布特征与来源

Distribution and source of heavy metal elements in sediments of Zhanjiang Harbor

2004年9月23日至10月5日对湛江港海洋沉积物中金属元素的含量及分布进行了调查。共采集样品20个,采用王水-氢氟酸消解,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定样品中的金属元素As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Al、Ca、Fe、Mg和Mn。结果发现,湛江港大多数区域的沉积物未受污染,但霞山区港务局码头附近海域受到Cd、Cu和Pb的轻度污染,特呈岛养殖区也受到Cu的轻度污染。主成分分析结果表明,Al、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Ni、Pb和Zn主要通过陆源输入进入近岸水域的沉积相中,Ca、As、Mg和Mn主要通过海洋环境中水相和沉积相的相互作用进入沉积相中。结合其它调查结果认为,湛江港的Cd污染在水相、沉积相和生物相中均已存在,应引起有关部门的高度重视。

An investigation on concentrations and distributions of metals in marine sediment of Zhanjiang Harbor was carried out from September 23th to October 5th, 2004. Total 20 samples were collected and digested by aqua regia and hydrofluoric acid. The concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, and Mn in the samples were analyzed by inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The result showed that the sediment in most of the harbor has not been contaminated, but the sediment near the dock yard in Port Office of Xiashan District was slightly contaminated by Cd, Cu and Pb, and the mariculture area in Techeng Island was also slightly contaminated by Cu. The results of principle component analysis （PCA） showed that Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in the harbor are mainly input by terrigenous ways, while Ca, As, Mg and Mn mainly by interaction between seawater and sediment. Combining other investigation results, the contamination of Cd has been found in the seawater, sediment, and organism of the harbor, which the local government should pay great attention to.