缸盖螺栓拧紧力矩对发动机机体振动影响的试验研究

Experimental Study on Influence of Tightening Torque of Cylinder Head Bolts to Engine Body Vibration

为了降低因发动机缸盖螺栓拧紧力矩不当引起的机体振动和零件早期失效,借助基于虚拟仪器开发的振动测试分析系统,研究分析了缸盖螺栓拧紧力矩与发动机机体振动的关系。通过发动机台架测试,采集了发动机正常工作状态下的振动数据,并对测试数据采用两种不同的数据分析方法进行分析处理,确立了缸盖螺栓拧紧力矩与发动机机体振动的定量关系,得到了发动机机体振动最小时的最佳螺栓拧紧力矩范围。此拧紧力矩范围与厂方推荐的数值基本吻合,这就为确定螺栓合理拧紧力矩范围提供了一种方便的测试与分析方法,它对指导大中型车辆维修具有较大的实用价值,对发动机设计、制造也具有一定的借鉴作用。

Aimed at reducing vibration and early failure of engine components caused by inappropriate tightening torque exerted on cylinder head bolts, the relationship between tightening torque of bolts and vibration of engine block is studied in this paper by means of vibration testing system developed on virtual instrument. On basis of engine rig test,vibration datum of engine under normal working conditions are collected and processed with two different methods. As a result, the quantitative relationship of tightening torque of cylinder head bolts to vibration of block is established. The optimum tightening torque range corresponding to minimum engine block vibration is found out. The tightening torque is tally with the one recommended by engine manufacturer. This will provide a convenient testing and evaluating method for determining the reasonable range of tightened torque of the bolts. It is of great practical value in guiding vehicle maintenance, engine design and manufacture.