武汉地区甲真菌病的致病菌及菌种变迁分析

The Analysis of Pathogenic Fungi and the Strain Diversification of Onychomycosis in Wuhan Distric.

目的 了解1999年1月～2005年12月武汉地区甲真菌病的致病菌种分布及变迁情况.方法 对1999年1月～2005年12月甲真菌病患者的真菌培养资料1237例进行系统分析总结.结果 真菌培养阳性895例,阳性率72.4%.致病菌中,皮肤癣菌559株（61.1%）,酵母菌287株（31.4%）,霉菌69株（7.5%）.皮肤癣菌中红色毛癣菌占95.0%（531/559）,酵母菌中念珠菌属占71.8%（206/287）,霉菌中曲霉属占53.6%（37/69）;混合感染20例占2.2%.结论 武汉地区甲真菌病的致病菌中以皮肤癣菌为主,其中红色毛癣菌为优势菌种,但是占致病菌的比例下降;酵母菌属和念珠菌属的比例上升;霉菌中以曲霉属和镰刀菌属为主.甲真菌病混合感染的比例上升.

Objective To survery the distribution of pathogenic fungi and the strain diversification of onychomycosis in Wuhan district. Methods Summarize the culture reference of fungi isolated from 1 237 patients with onychomycosis during January, 1999 to December,2005. Results 895 strains of pathogens were isolated （ positive rate was 72.4% ） ,of which dermatophytes were 559 strains （61.1%） such as T. rubrum （531/559,95.0%） ,the yeasts were 287 strains（31.4% ） such as candida （206/287, 71.8% ） ,molds were 69 strains （7.5%） such as Aspergillus （37/69,53.6%） and the number of patients with combined infection was 20 （2.2%）. Conclusion Although the analysis showed that the major pathogenic fungi of onychomycosis was still T. rubrum,the rate it holds in the pathogenic fungi resulting in onychomycosis is decreasing. In contrast to it,the rate of yeasts and candida hold is increasing. And the majority of molds isolated from the patients with onychomycosis were Aspergillus and Fusarium. The rate of combined infection of onychomycosis is increasing.