民族主义与国家利益——民族学视野中的阿富汗国家重建

Nationalism and the Interests of State:State Reconstruction of Afghanistan in the Perspective of Ethnology

本文试图从民族学的视角探讨阿富汗重建问题。通过考察阿富汗民族主义与国家利益所依存的历史与社会背景、表现形式和内涵、两者间的悖逆关系与产生动因及其影响,分析了阿富汗重建可遵循的原则和采取的措施,阐释了相关的理论依据和现实意义。民族主义是决定民族国家行为的源动力,国家利益是民族主义的动因;在多民族国家中,国家利益的建构作用通过各民族应对共同的非安全因素而组建的联盟或联合得以释放。

This paper attempts to study the state construction of Afghanistan in the perspective of ethnology. The paper first examines the Afghan nationalism and the state interests in terms of their history and social background, their manifestations and connotation, their relations and interactions. Then it analyzes the principles and measures that can be adopted in the reconstruction of Afghanistan, and expounds the relevant theoretical foundation and actual significance. The paper maintains that nationalism is the original dynamics for the actions of the nation-state, and the state interests is the cause of nationalism. In a multi-national state, the building up of the state interests functions through the union of various nationalities, which is organized to deal with the non-security factors they all face.