康北霍尔人的来源及历史演变蠡测

A Study of the Origin and History of the Hor-pa in Kangbei Areas

作为藏族的一个支系,康区北部的霍尔人与周围其他的藏族人群相比,在语言、体质、文化面貌等方面都有其独特之处。他们被普遍认为与蒙古族存在一定的族源关系。本文认为,康北的霍尔人的来源更有可能与元代生活在我国西北地区的黄头回鹘即撒里畏兀人有一定的关系。公元1331年,一批撒里畏兀军队迁徙至康区北部,经过与周围其他民族不断融合,逐渐发展成为藏族的一部分,但依然保留了一些撒里畏兀人的文化传统和体质特征,被其他藏族人群称为“霍尔人”。

The Hor-pa who live in Kangbei (north of the Kangding,康北) areas is a branch of the Tibetan. They have deferent dialect, and physical and cultural features from their neighboring tribes. Their origin is linked generallywith the Mongols to some extent. This paper argues that it is quite possible that the origin of the Hor-pa is linked with the Yellow head Uygurs (黄头回鹘), or Sari Uygurs who lived in the north-western China in Yuan Dynasty. In 1331 B.C., a troop of the Sari Uygur moved into Kangbei areas and blended with other ethnic groups around them graduallyand became a branch of the Tibetan. But some cultural tradition and physical features of Sari Uygur are still kept, so other Tibetans call them Hor-pa.