血液透析病人留置中心静脉导管的护理

Nursing of central venous catheter in hemodialysis patients

目的探讨临时性血管通路中心静脉导管穿刺留置导管的护理,避免发生出血、导管内血栓形成和导管相关性感染等并发症。方法正确地使用留置导管,选择最佳方案进行抗凝护理,严格规范导管护理、健康教育及心理护理,取得病人配合。结果本组发生导管内凝血16例,导管相关性感染33例,导管脱落5例,导管口渗血5例。结论严格规范的操作和护士的责任心对减少临时性留置导管的并发症发生十分重要。

Objective To explore the nursing measures about postoperative observation on central venous catheter and prevention of severe complication such as thrombosis and catheter-related infection. Method Integrate nursing measures including catheter care, health education and psychological nursing were performed in the hemodialysis patients with central venous catheter. The nursing manipulation, incidence of catheter-related complications and duration of catheter indwelling in the 338 cases of hemodialysis patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results Thrombosis occurred in 16 cases, 33 cases developed catheter-related infection and 5 catheters detached from the patients. Conclusion It is essential in establishing strict regulation on catheter manipulation and strengthening the nurse＇s responsibility for prevention of catheter-related infection and other complications.