蜜蜂转基因研究进展及研究途径探讨

Advances and preferable approaches to honeybee transgenesis

转基因动物的科研价值和商业价值促进了转基因技术的不断发展和在各个领域的深入应用。蜜蜂是有着悠久饲养历史的经济昆虫和在基础理论研究领域有重大应用价值的模式动物,但其转基因研究却相对落后。雌性蜂的级型分化和工蜂清洁巢房行为增加了蜜蜂转基因的难度,精子介导转基因配套以人工授精技术及蜜蜂卵或幼虫的转基因操作与蜜蜂人工孵育技术结合是目前蜜蜂转基因的较好途径。文章综述蜜蜂转基因的研究进展,并讨论蜜蜂转基因所面临的特殊性及其研究途径。

Transgenesis techniques are continually developing and widely applied in various fields because of the scientific and commercial value of transgenic animals. Honeybee is not only an economic insect with agelong breeding history hut also a model animal with great value in theoretical research field, whereas the study on honeybee tansgenesis is relatively undeveloped. The problem of honeybee transgenesis is enhanced by the caste differentiation phenomena of female honeybees and the comb cleaning behavior of worker bees. Sperm-mediated transgenesis, combined with artificial insemination techniques, and those transgenesis techniques aiming at honeybee eggs and larvae, combined with artificial incubation techniques, are two preferable study approaches to honeybee transgenesis. The research development on honeybee transgenesis was summarized; the particularity that honeybee transgenesis confront and the recommended strategies in future research were discussed in this paper.