体内、外成熟卵母细胞的胚胎冷冻-复苏后发育能力的比较

A comparative study on the developmental capacity of frozen-thawed embryos derived from in vivo matured oocytes and in vitro matured oocytes

目的比较体外与体内成熟卵母细胞受精后第3天胚胎冷冻-解冻后的发育能力。方法体外成熟组的胚胎来源于在本生殖中心行未成熟卵体外成熟(IVM)治疗的患者(6例)。体内成熟组为同期行常规卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)治疗的患者(22例)。两组患者胚胎移植后多余的胚胎按慢冻法进行冷冻保存。冻胚移植周期时冷冻胚胎按快融法解冻,体外培养约24 h后行胚胎移植。结果体外与体内成熟卵母细胞的胚胎冷冻-解冻后的复苏率、解冻培养后的可移植胚胎率以及临床妊娠率均无显著差异。结论人未成熟卵母细胞在体外培养系统中完成细胞核和细胞质成熟的同时,细胞膜的成熟可能也较充分,受精后的胚胎能够一定程度地耐受冷冻-解冻过程中面临的各种损伤,复苏后,仍能继续发育和着床并获得妊娠。

Objective： To compare the developmental competence of frozen-thawed embryos derived from in vivo matured oocytes and in vitro matured oocytes. Methods： The spare embryos after embryo transfer （ET） in in vitro maturation （IVM） cycles and intracytoplasmic sperm injection（ICSI） cycles were cryopreserved using a slow-freeze protocol. In the next hormone replacement treatment（HRT） cycles, the frozen embryos were thawed by a relatively rapid-thaw protocol and transferred into the uterus following cultured for 24 hours. Results： There were no significant differences between two groups of frozen-thawed embryos in the survival rate, cleavage rate, embryo quality and clinical pregnancy rate. Conclusions： The nucleus and cytoplasm, especially the membrane of human oocytes may get fully matured in present IVM culture system. The embryos produced from IVM system, like those derived from in vivo matured oocytes, can survive various types of cell injuries during freezing and thawing, and can result in successful pregnancies after ET.