青杨脊虎天牛对植物源挥发物的EAG和行为反应

Effects of plant volatiles on the EAG response and behavior of the grey tiger longicorn,Xylotrechus rusticus (L.)(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)

测定了青杨脊虎天牛Xylotrechus rusticus(L.)雌、雄成虫对其寄主杨树中的水杨醛(0.95μmol/μL)和非寄主植物中0.3μmol/μL的叶绿醇、0.4μmol/μL的水芹烯和0.6μmol/μL的R型α-蒎烯、S型α-蒎烯、S型β-蒎烯、3-蒈烯、罗勒烯、香草烯和松节油等10种植物挥发性气味物质的触角电位(EAG)反应。结果表明,与对照相比,这10种植物挥发物多能引起成虫明显的EAG反应(P<0.05 ,P<0.01) ,其中雌虫对松节油、水杨醛、R型α-蒎烯和S型α-蒎烯的EAG反应较强;雄虫对R型α-蒎烯的EAG反应最强,松节油次之。根据雌虫对这10种挥发物EAG反应的强弱,进一步测定了雌虫对0.00006、0.0006、0.006、0.06、0.6、0.12μmol/μL的松节油、R型α-蒎烯、S型α-蒎烯以及0.000095、0.00095、0.0095、0.095、0.95、0.19μmol/μL的水杨醛的EAG和行为反应。结果表明,雌虫对松节油、水杨醛和R型α-蒎烯的EAG反应随气味物质浓度的增加而增加,水杨醛浓度增加到0.95μmol/μL、松节油和R型α-蒎烯浓度增加到0.6μmol/μL以后,EAG反应值趋于平稳;对S型α-蒎烯的反应随浓度的增加而呈线性增加。水杨醛浓度低于0.095时,对雌虫没有明显的定向作用(P>0.05) ,高于此浓度时表现为驱避作用(P<0.05) ;松节油在浓度低于或等于0.6μmol/μL时对雌虫表现为驱避作用,浓度为0.6时驱避效果最佳(P<0.01)。雌虫对R型α-蒎烯和S型α-蒎烯没有明显的定向行为反应。

The electroantennogram （EAG） responses of female and male beetles of Xylotrechus rusticus （L.） to 10 volatiles were tested, including salicylaldehyde （0.95 μmol/μL） from poplar, the host plant, and phytol （0.3 μmol/μL）, R （-）-α-phellandrene （0.4 μmol/μL）, （ 1 R）- （＋）-α-pinene, （1S）- （-）-α-pinene, （1S）- （-）-β-pinene, （＋）-3-carene, ocimene, β-myrcene and turpentine （0.6 μmol/μL） from non-host plant. The results showed that the 10 volatiles could evoke very compared with the control, paraffin. The females significant EAG responses （ P〈 0.01 ） of the adults exhibited stronger EAG responses to turpentine, salicylaldehyde, （1R）-（＋）-α-pinene, （1S）-（-）-α-pinene, while （1R）-（＋）-α-pinene and turpentine could induce stronger EAG responses to males. The EAG responses of female and male adults to salicylaldehyde, （1 R）-（＋）-α-pinene and ocimene had no significant differences （P〉 0.05）, but to the rest 7 volatiles had remarkable difference （ P〈 0.01 ）. The responses and behaviors of females to different doses of turpentine, （1R）- （＋）-α- pinene, （1S）- （-）-α-pinene and salicylaldehyde, were further tested. The tested concentrations of salicylaldehyde were 0.000095, 0.00095, 0.0095, 0.095, 0.95, and 0.19 μmol/μL; the rest compounds with the same concentrations of 0.00006, 0.0006, 0.006, 0.06, 0.6, and 0.12 μmol/μL. With the concentration increased, the female EAG response to turpentine, salicylaldehyde and （1R）-（ ＋）-α-pinene increased accordingly and kept steady when the concentration of salicylaldehyde reached 0.95 μmol/μL and those of turpentine and （1 R）-（＋）-α-pinene reached 0.6 μmol/μL. When the concentration were less than or equal to 0.6 μmol/μL, turpentine exhibited repellent effect to females and had the best effect at 0.6 μmol/μL （P〈 0.01）; whereas, it showed lure effect at 0.12 μmol/μL （P〉 0.05）. When the concentration were lower than 0. 095 μmol/μL, salicylaldehyde had no obvious directional action to female （ P〉 0.05 ） ; while higher than 0.095 μmol/μL, it exhibited repellent action （P〈 0.05 ）. The females showed no distinct directional behavior to （1R）-（＋）-α-pinene and （1S）-（-）-α-pinene.