人为干扰对泰山景观格局时空变化的影响

Effect of anthropogenic disturbances on the temporal-spatial changes of landscape patterns at Taishan Mountain

以TM影像和野外调查为数据源,3S技术为研究手段,对比分析了泰山风景区1986～2001年间不同人为干扰程度区域的景观结构、景观异质性动态变化特征以及景观多样性高程的分异。结果表明,泰山南部人为干扰斑块动态变化高于北部,南部景观结构变化明显,北部轻微。景观多样性动态变化主要是在北部海拔900m以上和南部900m以下区域,揭示了人为活动是斑块分割的主因,景观格局的动态变化取决于人为干扰的程度。研究结果从景观生态学角度为泰山合理调整自然和人为影响,构建理想的景观格局和生态环境奠定了基础。

Based on the Landsat TM images and field survey data, the changes of altitude variation of landscape diversity, landscape heterogeneity and landscape dynamics from 1986 to 2001 in eight anthropo-disturbed regions of Taishan Mountain were studied with the aids of 3S techniques. The results indicate that the ratio of landscape patches change caused by human disturbance in south region is higher than that in the north region. The change of landscape structure in south region is obvious during the past fifteen years, and little changes happen in the north region. The change of landscape diversity is mainly manifested in the high altitude （ 〉 900m） of north region and the low altitude （ 〈 900m） of south region. The results also indicate that the anthropogenic disturbance is the basic cause leading to the division of landscape patches. Landscape structure in the studied area has an obvious spatial-temporal variation characteristic. The change of landscape pattern characteristics is related to the intensity of anthropogenic disturbances.