异常压裂机理分析与对策

Analysis and countermeasures of abnormal fracturing mechanism

煤层、泥灰岩、火山岩、砾岩等特殊岩层压裂时,往往出现异常现象,所形成的裂缝几何形状存在多样性,或有多裂缝形成,表现为裂缝中途转向、滤失量大增、异常施工压力等。这些现象已被人们认识到,但在施工中采取的工艺措施却有很大差别,或存在缺陷,在增产效果上没有取得大的突破。在分析异常压裂裂缝延伸机理的同时,总结以往施工经验教训,寻找最优施工工艺,使特殊岩层的压裂增产效果取得突破。

when some special bed stratums, such as coalbed, malm, lava, conglomerate, were fractured, the geometries of fractures were diversified. The following abnormal phenomena would occur, such as midway turning of fractures, great increase of filter loss, and abnormal operation pressure. These phenomena have been realized by technicians, but the corresponding countermeasures for these phenomena were quite different, which affected the production increase extent. By analyzing the fracture extension mechanism of abnormal fracturing, and summarizing the experiences and lessons of former operations, the optimized operation procedures were developed, which improved the production increase extent and made a breakthrough for fracturing operations in special bed stratums.