昆明汉族人群HLA-DRB1、DQB1基因多态性分析

Characterization and Distribution of HLA-DRB1,DQB1 Allele Polymorphism in the Kunming Han Population

目的研究昆明汉族HLA-DRB1、DQB1基因的多态性,探讨其在昆明汉族人群中的遗传特征.方法应用PCR-SSP基因分型技术,对云南昆明地区72名汉族健康儿童进行了HLA-DRB1、DQB1位点的基因分型.结果在昆明汉族,HLA-DRB1位点共检出了12种等位基因,其中以HLA-DRB1*12(20.14%)、DRB1*0901(19.44%)、DRB1*04(18.06%)较常见,其他基因频率大于10%的等位基因还有HLA-DRB1*08(11.11%)、DRB1*15(10.42%);在DQB1位点共检出了7种等位基因,其中以HLA-DQB1*0301(27.08%)、DQB1*06(21.53%)较常见,其他基因频率大于10%的等位基因还有HLA-DQB1*0303(15.97%)、DQB1*05(13.19%).昆明汉族分别与南方汉族、北方汉族HLA-DRB1、DQB1分布进行了比较,均有明显的差异(P<0.001).结论昆明汉族HLA基因分布特点既不同于南方汉族人群,也不同于北方汉族人群,具有独特性.可能与复杂的民族迁移历史和民族融合及云南独特的地理环境有关.

Objective To study the HLA -DRB1, DQB1 allele polymorphism and genetic characters in Kunming Han population. Methods HLA - DRB1, DQB1 DNA typings in the 72 Kunming Han nationality children were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primer （PCR -SSP） . Results Toted 72 specificities were detected in HLA - DRB1 , DQB1 and 12 alleles in HLA - DRB1 locus, 7alleles in HLA - DQB1 locus were observed in 72 children of Kunming Hans. The more frequently observed alleles were HLA- DRB1 ＊12 （20.14%）, DRB1＊0901 （19.44%）, DRB1 ＊04 （18.06%） in HLA-DRB1 locus in turn,The other common alleles （ 〉 10%） were HLA-DRB1 ＊08 （11. 11%）, DRB1 ＊ 15 （10.42%） in turn. The more frequently observed alleles were HLA - DQB1 ＊ 0301 （27.08%）, DQB1 ＊ 06 （21.53%） in HLA - DQB1 locus in turn.. The other common alleles （ 〉 10%） were HLA - DQB1 ＊ 0303 （ 15.97% ）, DQB1 ＊ 05 （ 13.19% ） . Meanwhile , comparison of HLA - DRB1, DQB1 allele polymorphism of Kunming Han nationality population with the North and the South Han nationality populations, showed some significant differences （ P 〈0. 001 ） . Conclusions The distribution of HLA - DRB1, DQB1 allele polymorphism in the Kunming Han population likes neither to the South Han population nor to the North Han population. It is unique in the distribution of HLA allele. The complicated migratory history of Kunming Han population, the unique topography of Kunming and the mergence among nationalities may be its reasons.