日本文学中子路形象的变异与《史记》

Transmutation of the Image of Zilu in Japanese Literature and The Records of the Grand Historian

日本文学尤其是近世和近代日本文学中,孔子的大弟子子路的形象较为引人注目。如松尾芭蕉、《太平记》和井上靖等,这些作家作品笔下的子路保持了中国历史典籍里的原貌,但是中岛敦的小说《弟子》中的子路却突显出其在日本文学圈里的变异特色。这种变异不仅根源于作家本身和当时社会的动荡,还与《史记》有着密切的文学关系,解明这一关系有助于理解中岛敦文学的时代和历史因素,同时对把握日本文学的性质也会有些许启示作用。

In Japanese literature, especially modem and contemporary Japanese literature, Zilu, the chief disciple of Confucius is rather notable. In Matsuo Basho＇ s and Yasushi Inoue＇ s works and Record of Great Peace, the image of Zilu remains the original one in Chinese historical classics. But in Disciples, a novel by Nakajima Atsushi, Zilu shows conspicuously the transmutative features in the Japanese literary circle, which is related with the writers and the social instability, and also closely related with The Records of the Grand Historian. To interpret this relationship will be helpful to the better understanding of the literary times and historical influence in which Nakajima Atsushi lived; meanwhile, it will also be enlightening for better mastery of the essence of Japanese literature.