永远的神话——索福克勒斯《俄狄浦斯王》的批评、阐释与接受

An Eternal Myth: Criticism, Interpretation and Reception of Sophocles’Oedipus Rex

本文追溯了西方文学经典之一《俄狄浦斯王》的产生背景、历史命运,及其批评、阐释和接受过程。在对亚里士多德、伏尔泰、荷尔德林、黑格尔、尼采、弗洛伊德、拉康、海德格尔、德里达等思想家的相关论述进行梳理的同时,不同文学批评流派,诸如古典主义、浪漫主义、心理分析、现象学、人文主义、新批评、结构主义、后结构主义和女性主义等,在《俄狄浦斯王》批评中所运用的方法特别得到了说明,以展现出这一经典作品在西方文学和文化发展中的深远影响和复杂意义。

This paper explores the background, destiny, and a long history of criticism, interpretation and reception of Sophocles＇ Oedipus Rex. While analyzing and sorting out the comments on this work by thinkers such as Aristotle, Voltaire, Holderlin, Hegel, Nietzsche, Freud, Lacan, Heidegger and Derrida, this essay also introduces the different approaches applied in the criticism of Oedipus Rex by various schools of literary criticism, including Classicism, Romanticism, Psychoanalysis, Phenomenology, Humanism, New Criticism, Structuralism, Post-Structuralism and Feminism, in order to demonstrate the far-reaching influence and complex significance of Oedipus Rex, as one of the literary classics, in the development of Western literature and culture.