战后美国举国冷战体制的建立与50年代思想学术界“共识”的形成

The Establishment of Cold War System and the Construction of Consensus in American Academia During 1950s

战后50年代美国思想学术界“共识”的形成,与美国举国冷战体制的建立这一体制因素有着重要的关联。其中,反共产主义的宣传和政策促进了自由-保守主义意识形态一致的形成;军事、情报机构与科学和思想界的结合及“军事-工业-学术复合体”的出现,则加深了知识和权力的高度共生关系。同时,这种“共识”也是思想学术界自觉选择与塑造的结果,这点可从战后美国史学界“反进步主义史学”潮流的兴起得到说明。

The construction of Consensus in American academia during 1950s had great relevance to the establishment of Cold War system. The propaganda and policies of anti - Communist promoted the forming of the liberal - conservatism ideology, meanwhile military and intelligence authorities＇ collaboration with science and academia led to the emergence of the Military - Industrial - Academic Complex, enhancing the symbiosis between power and knowledge. On the other hand, the Consensus was also the result of the academia＇ s conscious choice and construction, which could be seen from the rising of ＂counterprogressive＂ in postwar American historical writing.