技术引进与中国制造产业的边缘化风险

Technology transfer and marginalization risk of Chinese manufacturing

在经济全球化浪潮的推动下,中国日益成为承接国际制造业转移的重要区域,正向国际性的制造中心发展。然而,中国的制造产业由于科研创新能力的薄弱,以高生态成本为特征的资源型经济和低劳动力成本为特征的劳动密集型经济,作为其“比较优势”的发展模式,短期内虽能获得成功,但却潜伏着将被边缘化的风险。文章通过对中国制造产业中10多个行业在国际分工中的地位和产成品中的技术贡献率以及利润贡献率的数据调研,实证分析了边缘化产生的关键要素,剖析了边缘化的形成机理,并最终从产业和企业层面提出相应的对策建议。

In the context of globalization, China is becoming one of the most important areas for international manufacturing industry transfer. Because of the weakness in innovation capability, the dominant model of China manufacturing is characterized by high resource cost and low labor force cost. It may succeed in short-time, but would face the risk of marginalization in the long run. This paper investigated more than 10 industries in China, demonstrating the characteristics of marginalization which include the poor positioning in the international industrial value chain, the low rate of contribution to profit with technology of the finished products and market shares. This paper examines the key factors affecting the marginalization, and mechanism of marginalization is also analyzed.