基于管道模型理论的树形结构分析

Tree Structure Based on Pipe Model Theory

依据长白落叶松生物量标准地的调查数据,研究发现,在树冠以下,不同部位树干的断面积生长量基本相同;心材的形成(按颜色的不同区分)在同一年轮内是由上向下的渐变过程。在树冠内,树干边材断面积生长量与其上部的枝条边材断面积生长量大致相等。但这一关系受到树木直立及叶片空间伸展的静力学需求的制约,即树形结构是树木生理需求和力学需求的统一。

An experiment was conducted to study the tree structure based on the pipe model theory in terms of the biomass data of Larix olgensis Henry collected from three sample plots in Songhe Forestry Bureau located on the west slope of Changbai Mountain. Result showed that under the tree crown, the basal area growth at different trunk heights is approximately the same, and the heartwood formations with distinctions in color in the same annual ring change gradually from top to bottom. In the tree crown, the basal area growth of trunk sapwood is approximately equivalent to that of the upper branch sapwood. But this relation is restricted by the statics of tree erection and foliage stretches in space, that is, the tree structure is the unification of tree＇s physiological needs and mechanics needs.