海绵中生物表面活性剂生产菌的筛选及菌种鉴定

Isolation and identification of biosurfactant producing bacteria from marine sponges

海绵(Marine sponge)是一大类低等多细胞动物,其体内及体表富集了大量的、不同种类的微生物。本文分别从繁茂膜海绵和南海海绵中,经富集培养、血平板分离、油扩散技术和表面张力测定等方法分离到高效产生物表面活性剂的菌株H10和菌株S6X。采用16S rDNA基因分析方法和传统生理生化实验方法对这两株菌进行了菌种鉴定,最后鉴定H10为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacilluspumilus),S6X为帕氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas palleronii)。

Marine sponges are the most primitive invertebrates, with high amounts of phylogenetically diversified bacteria. Microorganisms capable of producing biosurfactants could be isolated by a series of steps including enrichment culture, blood agar method and oil spreading technique, etc. The fermentation supernatant of the first-isolated strains was screened by surface tension method. Two kinds of strains bacteria（H10 and S6X） with higher surface activity were isolated from marine sponge. These strains were identified by traditional physiological experimental method and 16S rDNA. The strain S6X is identified as Pseudornonas palleronii, and H10, as Bacillus purnilus.