淀粉基高吸水树脂的微波辐射合成

Synthesize of starch super absorbent resin by microwave radiation

以微波辐射为引发热源,以玉米淀粉为基材与单体丙烯酸在引发剂过硫酸钾引发下进行接枝共聚,合成高吸水树脂。研究了引发剂用量、微波辐射强度及时间、丙烯酸中和度等因素对产品吸水率的影响。经过优选得到工艺条件为:微波功率137 W,辐射周期20 s,辐射时间30 min,m(丙烯酸):m(淀粉)=2.5∶1,引发剂为单体质量的0.4%,丙烯酸中和度70%,合成的树脂吸水率为619 g/g,吸盐水率为60 g/g。

A super absorbent resin was synthesized from corn starch and acrylic acid by graft copoly merization under microwave irradiation, using potassium persulphate as initiator. The nitiator dosage, microwave power and period, and ralization degree of acrylic acid affecting the water absorption capac ity of the graft products were studied. The optimal synthesis condition is as follow： microwave pow er,137W; exposure time, 30 min; irradiation period,20s; starch and monomer ratio （in mass）,2.5 ： 1 ; initiator dosage, 0.4% of monomer; monomer neutralization degree,75%. Absorption capacity of the synthesized super absorbent resin is 619 g/g for water or 60 g/g for NaCl saline water.