研究婴儿操对儿童早期发展的影响

A study on effects of infant exercise on children's early development

目的研究婴儿操对儿童早期发展的影响。方法将在儿保门诊进行健康体检的42天足月婴儿随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组由儿保医师指导家长每日在家中进行训练,并定期追踪随访;对照组仅给予常规的儿童系统保健管理服务。两组婴幼儿定期进行体格发育、营养状况及神经发育评估,并于生后6个月、12个月、18个月用婴幼儿智力发育测验量表进行智力测试。结果实验组体格发育主要指标高于对照组,6个月、12个月、18个月身长的2χ值分别为:7.198、6.667、6.053,体重的2χ值分别为:7.888、7.392、6.380,P值均小于0.05;6个月时实验组智力发育指数较对照组高2.71分(P<0.05),实验组心理运动发育指数比对照组高3.32分(P<0.01);12个月时实验组智力发育指数较对照组高3.90分(P<0.01),心理运动发育指数比对照组高3.62分(P<0.01);18个月时智力发育指数较对照组高5.82分(P<0.01),心理运动发育指数比对照组高3.84分(P<0.01);差异有显著性,表明脑的发育与外界环境刺激密切相关。结论婴儿操有利于婴幼儿体格和智能发展。

Objective To investigate effects of infant exercise on children＇s early development. Methods 42-day-old infants receiving health examination in our Child Health Clinic were randomly divided into two groups： study group and control group. The infants in the study group passively did infant exercise every day in their home under the direction of the pediatrician by their caregiver. While those infants in the control group were only given conventional child heath care. All infants in the two groups were examined and evaluated for physical build, nutritional status and neurodevelopment regularly. Intelligence test was conducted with CDCC at 6 months , 12 months and 18 months after birth. Results Compared with the control group, the physical indexes such as body weight and length, mental development index（MDI） and psychomotor development index（PDI） in the study group were higher. x^2 value for the height of infants in the study group at 6 months, 12 months, 18 months was 7. 198, 6. 667, 6. 053, respectively, and x^2 value for the weight was 7. 888, 7. 392, 6. 380, respectively, all P 〈 0.05. At 6 months of age, MDI of infants in the study group was higher by 2.71 scores （ P 〈 0.05）, and PDI was higher by 3.32 scores than that in the control group（ P 〈0.01 ）. At 12 months of age, MDI of infants in the study group was higher by 3.90 scores than that in the control group（P 〈 0.01）, and PDI was higher by 3.62 scores （P 〈 0.01 ）. At 18 months of age, MDI of infants in the study group was higher by 5.82 scores than that in the control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and PDI was higher by 3.84 scores （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Significant differences in the two indices between the two groups suggested that the development of infants＇brain is closely associated with environmental stimulation. Conclusion Infant exercise is helpful for infant＇s body build and intelligence development.