玉米种质创新和商业育种策略

Germplasm Development and Commercial Maize Breeding Strategy

种质扩增、改良与创新是玉米育种技术发展的基础,其目标是促进新品种选育。分子标记辅助选择技术正趋向于成熟,将大规模地推向育种应用。发展商业育种要明确产量与杂种优势的关系,还要分析自交系的一般配合力与亲本之间特殊配合力的关系以及它们对产量增长的相对贡献率。在这些因素的综合影响下,玉米商业育种要实行循环育种策略。

Germplasm enhancement, improvement and development found the bases of maize breeding program, which aims at the promotion of development of lines and hybrids. Molecular marker assisted selection technology tends to be utilized in commercial maize breeding programs. The relationship between yield increases and heterosis level is getting looser, and yield increase relies heavily on non-heterotic factors such as tolerance to abiotic and resistance to biotic stresses. The relative contribution of GCA and SCA respectively to yield increase is important consideration for commercial maize breeding efforts when breeders make breeding strategy. Breeders should adopt recycling strategy in commercial maize breeding programs.