大豆酸化油常压水解制备混合脂肪酸的研究

Preparation of fatty acid mixture by hydrolysis of soy acidic oil under normal pressure

在常压下水解大豆酸化油,研究了不同催化剂对水解反应的影响,结果表明十二烷基苯磺酸钠催化活性最好。通过正交试验,得到水解大豆酸化油的最佳条件为:十二烷基苯磺酸钠用量1.5%(W/W),水解时间7 h,硫酸浓度10%(W/W),油水比2∶1。在最佳条件下水解产物酸值达185 mgKOH/g。在催化剂作用下,可以通过常压一次水解大豆酸化油,达到蒸馏要求。水解液通过真空蒸馏得到大豆混合脂肪酸,混合脂肪酸中不饱和脂肪酸含量比原料低,饱和脂肪酸含量比原料高。

Effect of different catalysts on hydrolysis of soy acidic oil （SAO） under normal pressure was studied. Results showed that sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate （LAS） was very active to catalyze the hydrolysis of the SAO. After orthogonal experiment, the optimal parameter for hydroloysis of the SAO was as follows：amount of LAS 1.5% （W/W） ,hydrolysis time 7 h,concentration of sulfur acid 10% （W/W） ,weight ratio of oil to water 2： 1. The acid value of hydrolyzed SAO reached 185 mgKOH/g that met the need for the distillation by one-step hydrolysis under this optimal condition. Compared with the raw material, soy fatty acid mixture obtained by vacuum distillation had lower content of unsaturated fatty acid, but higher content of saturated one.