广东省2005年诺瓦克样病毒感染暴发疫情

Epidemiological analysis on Norwalk-like virus gastroenteritis in Guangdong province,2005

目的分析广东省2005年群体性诺瓦克样病毒性胃肠炎流行特征，为今后预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用描述性分析方法，对广东省2005年群体性诺瓦克样病毒性胃肠炎疫情进行调查分析。结果2005年广东省共报告12起群体性诺瓦克样病毒性胃肠炎疫情，共发病469例，无死亡病例。疫情全部发生在学校。发生时间除1起发生在3月份外，11起集中发生在9～12月份。症状以呕吐为主。12起疫情中病例数最多的1起达190例，罹患率最高的1起达53．3％（23／43）。11起疫情患者有共同的进餐史，1起疫情患者没有共同的食物暴露史。每起疫情均从部分患者粪便标本中检出诺瓦克样病毒核酸或抗原。结论学校是诺瓦克样病毒暴发疫情的好发地方，食物传播、接触呕吐物和粪便传播是可能的主要传播途径，因此控制诺瓦克样病毒暴发疫情的关键是抓好学校的饮食卫生和妥善处理呕吐物和粪便。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of Norwalk-like virus gastroenteritis in Guangdong province in 2005, Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of Norwalk-like virus gastroenteritis cases reported in 2005. Results 12 outbreaks and 469 cases reported in 2005 occurred in schools and kindergartens, Vomiting is prime dominant symptomx. The same diet history observed in 11 outbreaks except 1 outbreak in Shaoguang city. Norwalk-like virus nucleic acid or antigen was detected positive in stools from part of patients in every outbreak. Conclusion Norwalk-like virus gastroenterltis mainly occurred in schools and kindergartens with fecal-oral or respiratory transmission and control measures were to deal with foods, stools, vomits hygienically.