南宋浙东学派“以适用为主”的人才教育思想探析

An Analysis of "Pragmatism" in Talents Education by the East Zhejiang School in the Southern Song Dynasty

浙东事功派是南宋时期宋学内部与理学相对立的一个重要学派,主要讲究经世致用之学,对于空谈道德性命之学的理学采取批判的态度。在人才教育上,事功派和理学派也有尖锐的对立,尤其突出表现在人才教育观、教育目的论、教育内容观和教育实践观等几个方面。陈亮、叶适作为事功派的主要代表,在理学盛行的南宋时期,能大胆冲破理学的禁锢和束缚,明确提出功利性的人才教育主张,在当时的思想界产生了极大影响,一定程度上也影响了明代后期启蒙思想的肇端。

As an important academic branch within Songxue in the Southern Song Dynasty, the East Zhejiang School, contradictory to Lixue （Neo- Confucianism）, advocates the thought of ＂pragmatism＂ and strongly criticizes Lixue who places emphasis on the study of morality and ethnics. In terms of talents education, Lixue distinguishes itself from the East Zhejiang School in various aspects, including the views of elite education, the content of education, the aims of education and educational practice, etc. Although Lixue stands as a prevailing view in Southern Song Dynasty, CHEN Liang and YE Shi, the two chief representatives of the East Zhejiang School, puts forward the thought of ＂utilitarianism＂ in talents education, exerting great impact on the thinking circle at that time, and which, to a certain extent, promotes the enlightenment thought in the late Ming Dynasty.