大黄蒽醌提取物对建鲤抗应激及生长的影响

Effects of anthraquinones extracted from Rheum officinale Baill on prevention of stress and growth of Jian common carp Cyprinus carpio var.Jian

将750尾建鲤随机分成5组,第1组为对照组,投喂基础日粮,另外4组为试验组,投喂基础日粮中分别添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%大黄蒽醌提取物。从2005年7月到9月连续投喂70d后,对鱼体进行高密度应激,测定其生长、应激前后血液皮质醇、血糖、溶菌酶等变化。结果表明:与对照组相比,应激前添加大黄蒽醌提取物提高了鱼体增重率、特定生长率、鱼体丰满度、血液溶菌酶活性,降低了饵料系数与鱼体死亡率,但是与大黄蒽醌提取物的添加水平不成线性关系,其中2.0%试验组还显著降低了血液皮质醇。高密度应激1d后,各组血液中的皮质醇、血糖、溶菌酶都有不同程度的增加,其中对照组最高,添加1.0%和2.0%大黄蒽醌提取物的试验组相对较低。应激前后各组鱼的攻毒试验表明:除应激前添加1.0%和2.0%大黄蒽醌提取物的组没有死鱼外,其它各组都有死鱼,其中对照组死亡率最高。因此添加1.0%-2.0%大黄蒽醌提取物提高了机体抗应激能力,并对病原菌感染起一定的保护作用,促进了鱼体生长。

A total of 750 Jian common carp Cyprinus carpio var. Jian were randomly divided into five groups. The control group was fed with basal diet, the others were treated groups fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 2.0% , 4.0% anthraquinones extracted from Rheum officinale Baill, respectively. After 10 weeks of feeding from July to September in 2005, fish were stressed by high density. The growth of Jian common carp and the change of serum cortisol, glucose and lysozyme levels before and after the stress were investigated. The results showed that the weight gains, special growth rates, fullness coefficients and serum lysozyme levels were elevated, and feed conversion rates and mortality rates were reduced in the treated fish before the stress, but the levels did not correlate with the different doses of anthraquinones extracted from Rheum officinale Baill. The 2.0 % dose group significantly decreased serum cortisol levels. Stress induced by one day of overcrowding caused high cortisol levels, hyperglycaemia and lysozyme levels in all groups of which the control was the highest and the 1.0% and 2.0% dose groups were relatively lower. Infection with A. hydrophila caused mortality in all groups except groups fed the 1.0 % - 2.0 % dose before stress, but the control was the highest. It is concluded that ingestion of 1.0% -2.0% doses of anthraquinones extracted from Rheum officinale Baill could help prevent the pathogenic infection and negative effects of stress and improve fish growth .