欧洲榛子贮藏及萌发生理特性研究

Studies on Physiological Characteristics of Corylus avellana L. during Storage and Germination

对欧洲榛子（Corylus avellana L.）在沙藏、萌发、幼苗生长阶段的种仁养分和保护酶活性动态变化特点进行了研究，结果表明：种子萌发后107d营养耗尽；沙藏过程中种仁的干重、粗脂肪含量略下降，萌发后下降迅速且与时间呈线性负相关；可溶性糖在沙藏至萌发后12d内下降而后上升，萌发24d后上升迅速，72d后进入高峰期；淀粉含量在沙藏过程中下降，萌发后上升并在萌发48d取得11．12％的峰值后下降；游离氨基酸总量在沙藏期间下降，萌发前12d开始升高，在萌发36—48d达155．31mg／100g的高峰后降低；可溶性蛋白50．87mg／g的峰值出现在萌发前12d；SOD在萌发前12d至萌发后12d、CAT由萌发起24d内、POD在萌发36d后分别出现活性高峰，对种仁营养按测定时间进行的聚类分析结果与依据幼苗干重划分的幼苗生长阶段相吻合。

The dynamic characteristics of nutrition content and activity of protective enzyme of Corylus avellana L. kernel had been studied during storage and germination. The results showed that the nutrition of kernel was exhausted 107 days after germination. The dry weight, crude fat content of kernel decreased slightly during storage but decreased rapidly after germination. The soluble sugar content was declined during storage and in twelve days since germination, but increased from twelve days after germination. Seventy-two days after germination, the soluble sugar content reached maximum. The starch content decreased during storage whereas increased after germination, and it reached maximum on the 48th day after germination, then it began to declined. The free amino acid content had been decreased in course of storage and increased from the 12th day before germination to 48th day after germination,and then decreased rapidly. The soluble protein content increased during storage and decreased from the 12th day before germination. The activity of SOD,CAT,POD reached maximum from the 12th day before germination to 12th day after germination, I st day of germination to 24th day after germination, and 36th day after germination, respectively. The result of cluster analysis of kernel nutrition was consistent with the period of seedling growth divided according to dry weight of seedling.