围湖造田和退田还湖对异龙湖的影响

Towards the Effects of Reclaiming the Land from the Lake and Restoring the Lake from the Land in Yilong Lake

异龙湖是云南省九大高原湖泊中人为破坏最严重的湖泊之一.湖泊面积由1952年的53.1km2缩减至现在的31 km2.目前湖泊水质为地面水环境质量V类,呈严重的富营养化状态,存在湖泊沼泽化程度加剧,水质恶化、供需矛盾突出等环境问题.本文分析了垦区分布及面积、土地利用方式、水利功能的影响、围垦对湖泊水环境与生态环境的影响.提出异龙湖退田还湖的对策措施以保护异龙湖.

Yilonghu lake is one of the nine most severely destructed plateau lakes in Yunnan province, the surface area of which has reduced from 53.1 square kilometers in 1952 to present 31 square kilometers. It has been afflicted with such problems as eutrophication, quality deterioration, and increased bogging. The water quality is evaluated as V according to National Surface Water Standard. This article introduces the distribution and utilization of the lands around the lakeshore, then analyzes the effects of reclaiming the land from the lake and restoring the lake from the land, and finally comes up with effective countermeasures to protect Yilonghu lake.