国外相互保险公司的发展路径及影响

相互保险公司是国外保险行业中一种历史悠久且具代表性的企业组织形式，近年来也为我国保险业界高度关注，成为目前正在进行修改的《保险法》中一个热点问题。理论界对相互保险公司的法律定位以及《保险法》确认这一组织形式的必要性有一些争议。本文拟通过对国外相互保险公司历史发展与相关立法的回顾，梳理相互保险公司的发展脉络，探讨相互保险公司法律框架的特殊性，为我国引入这一组织形态的立法提供一些参考。

Mutual insurance company is a long-standing and important type of business organization in insurance industry. It has attracted lots of attention of the insurance sector in China in recent years and has become a hot topic in the process of amendment of China＇s Insurance Law. Some doubts are cast on the legal status of mutual insurance companies and the recognition of this form of organization in the Insurance Law. This paper gives a brief review of the history of mutual insurance companies and its relationship with the development of insurance laws, elaborates on the uniqueness of the legal framework governing mutual insurance companies, and draws some insight for legislation on this form of insurance organization in China.