机读护照的演变与发展初探

On the Development of Machine Readable Passport

机读护照从上世纪80年代诞生，迄今已走过了20多年的历程，历经三代发展，国际标准更趋完备，防伪性能不断提高。二维条码技术与生物识别技术的引入成为机读护照不断推陈出新的关键因素。随着国际恐怖主义的蔓延和打击非法移民活动日益成为人们关注的焦点，证件防伪、机读护照的发展必将越来越受到研究界与移民管理界的重视。

The Machine Readable Passport （MRP） has undergone a developing process of more than 20 years since it came into being in 1980s. After the development of three stages, the international standards are more and more completed and the security features have been enhanced constantly. The technique of 2D bar code and biometric identification is the key element to develop the MRP. With the spreading of international terrorism and the focus on attacking illegal immigration, we will attach more importance to document security features and the development of MRP.