中学生预防道路交通伤害知识、信念和行为调查

Knowledge Attitude and Behaviors of Students on Traffic Harm Prevention and Control

目的了解北京市中学生预防道路交通伤害的知识、信念和行为情况,从而为开展中学生道路交通安全健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法采用典型的方法,分别确定具有城区、近郊区和远县特征的区县各1个。然后分别确定每个区县的2所初中和2所高中作为被调查学校。最后,采用整群抽样的方法,对每个被调查初中学校的初一、初二年级和高中学校的高一、高二年级各两个班的所有学生进行调查。结果中学生预防和控制道路交通伤害的平均得分为64.1分,各年级之间学生平均知识得分无明显差别(F=2.738,P>0.05);听说过道路交通法的中学生比例为85.7%,在学校接受过交通法教育的中学生只有68.1%。认为交通安全应该由行人、机动车和非机动车共同负责的学生比例为69.5%。在调查前一月至少有过1种以上违章行为的中学生比例达60.6%,有过2种以上违章行为的比例为43.3%;在过去一年中有14.0%的中学生发生过交通事故,其中有37.0%的人在交通事故中受伤。结论北京市中学生预防和控制道路交通伤害的知识、信念和行为均存在着一定的差距,应进一步加强对中学生开展以宣传道路交通法为主的健康教育活动。

Objective To understand the middle school students＇ knowledge- attitude- behaviors （KAB） on traffic harm prevention and control, and to provide the reference data for preventing and controlling the road traffic harm of students. Methods A typical sampling method was used in this study. A typical middle school and a typical high school were selected from three districts in Beijing, and two classes students in Grade Ⅰ and Grade Ⅱ from each school were surveyed about their road traffic harm KAB status. Results The average score of students＇ knowledge was 64.1, it did＇ not show any dif- ference among the scores of different grade students （F = 2. 738, P 〉 0.05 ）; 85.7 % students have heard the law about road traffic, 68.1% students reported that they were instructed in their schools, only 69.5 % students agreed that traffic safety should be take charge by foot passengers, motor vehicles, and cycles; 14.0 % students had taken place traffic accident, and 37.0 % of them were hurt. Conclusion The level of KAB of road traffic harm is extremely low, and the activities of health education about propagandizing the traffic law should be enhanced in the middle schools.