脂联素多聚体及基因多态性与2型糖尿病

Relationship of multimers and genetic polymorphism of adiponectin with type 2 diabetes

脂联素是新近发现的脂肪细胞分泌的特异性细胞因子,在机体糖和脂肪代谢、维持能量平衡过程中发挥重要作用。正常人脂联素基因序列中存在相当数量的等位基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs),其中5′侧翼区-11377(C/G)和外显子2+45(T/G)遗传多态性与脂联素血浆水平以及与肥胖、2型糖尿病(type 2 d iabetes m ellitus,T2DM)和冠状动脉粥样硬化有关。脂联素在血浆中以高分子量(h igh molecu lar we ight,HMW)的多聚体和低分子量(low molecu lar we ight,LMW)的六聚体2种形式存在。HMW脂联素增加与胰岛素敏感性呈正相关,LMW脂联素的功能需要进一步探讨研究。

Adiponectin is a novel specific cytokine found in adipocytes. It plays an important role in the metabolism of glucose and lipids as well as regulation of energy balance in the human body There are a lot of single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in the gene sequences of adiponectin. Some studies showed that the genetic polymorphism of adiponectin -11 377 （C/G） and ＋45 （T/G） located in the 5＇-flanking region are associated with the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis and plasma level of adiponectin. Adiponectin exists by two forms of high molecular weight of muhimers and low molecular weight of hexamer. The increase of high molecular weight of muhimers is positively correlated with insulin sensitivity; however, the function of low molecular weight of hexamer isn＇t clear.